Active outbreak · Sandfly-borne encephalitis

Chandipura Virus 2026

Gujarat, India · Brain-swelling illness in children · Gujarat Health Dept & India NCDC
Sources: India NCDC and the Gujarat State Health Department.

About Chandipura virus

Cause
Chandipura virus (CHPV), a vesiculovirus first found in India in 1965
How it spreads
Mainly the bite of infected sandflies; not from person to person
Who it affects
Almost entirely young children, causing acute brain swelling (encephalitis)
Treatment
Supportive hospital care only; no antiviral and no vaccine

Why it is so dangerous in children
Chandipura virus causes acute encephalitis, swelling of the brain, and it moves fast. A child can go from what looks like an ordinary monsoon fever to seizures, coma and death within 24 to 48 hours. It targets the young, whose immune systems have had little prior exposure, and there is no drug that stops it, so the outcome hinges on reaching hospital care at the very first signs.

Sources: India NCDC · WHO India

Treatments & Vaccines in Development

There is no drug that kills Chandipura virus and no vaccine, so care is supportive and speed is everything. Here is what treatment and prevention look like.

Supportive hospital careTreatment
Only option
Standard of care

There is no drug that kills Chandipura virus, so treatment is entirely supportive and aimed at the brain swelling and its complications: controlling fever and seizures, managing fluids and electrolytes, and supporting breathing and organ function. Because the illness can turn critical within a day, survival depends heavily on reaching a hospital at the very first symptoms.

India NCDC
Antiviral drugTreatment
None available

No specific antiviral treatment exists for Chandipura virus. Research continues, but for now there is nothing that directly stops the virus, which is why early supportive care and preventing bites matter so much.

India NCDC
VaccineVaccine
None available

There is no vaccine against Chandipura virus. Protection depends on avoiding sandfly bites and on vector control, spraying insecticide and sealing the cracks in mud walls where sandflies breed, in the affected areas.

India NCDC
Approved / in usePositive trial resultsIn clinical trialsEarly researchHalted